HISTORY OF INDIAN ELECTRICITY SYSTEM
Our country the "BharatGanrajya
" is the Seventh largest country by area and second most populous
country over the 1.2 billion people and
the most populous democracy in the world. It is the land of the diversities .It
is an ancient land with an absorbing history the Neolithic indus valley
civilization almost 5000 thousand year ago extended much over what is now
pakistan and western India .
There
are lots of Mysteries behind the Electricity
In Ancient India Ancient Indian Text "Agastya Samshita" dates back
to the first millennium BC. It contains a detailed description not only of how
to construct an electric battery/cell, but also, how to utilize the battery to
'split' water into its constituent gasses.
Modern battery cell resembles Agastya’s method of generating
electricity. For generating electricity, Sage Agastya had used the following
material: One earthen pot, Copper plate, Copper sulphate, Wet saw dust, Zinc
amalga.
His text says :
संस्थाप्य मृण्मये पात्रे
ताम्रपत्रं सुसंस्कृतम्।
छादयेच्छिखिग्रीवेन चार्दाभि: काष्ठापांसुभि:॥
दस्तालोष्टो निधात्वय: पारदाच्छादितस्तत:।
संयोगाज्जायते तेजो मित्रावरुणसंज्ञितम्॥
“Place a well-cleaned copper plate in an
earthenware vessel. Cover it first by copper sulfate and then moist sawdust.
After that put a mercury-amalgamated-zinc sheet on top of an energy known by
the twin name of Mitra-Varuna. Water will be split by this current into
Pranavayu and Udanavayu. A chain of one hundred jars is said to give a very
active and effective force.”
When a cell was prepared according to Agastya Samhita and
measured, it gives open circuit voltage as 1.138 volts, and short circuit
current as 23 mA In the Prince’s Library of Ujjain in India, there is a well preserved
document called the ‘Agastya Samshita‘, which dates back to the first
millennium BC. It contains a detailed description not only of how to construct
an electric battery/cell, but also, how to utilize the battery to ‘split’ water
into its constituent gasses.
Anen
Jalbhangosti Prano Daneshu
Vayushu
Evam Shatanam
Kumbhanamsanyogkaryakritsmritah.
Vayushu
Evam Shatanam
Kumbhanamsanyogkaryakritsmritah.
Translation:
He says that if we use the power of 100 earthen pots on water, then water will change its form into life-giving oxygen and floating hydrogen.
He says that if we use the power of 100 earthen pots on water, then water will change its form into life-giving oxygen and floating hydrogen.
Vayubandhakvastren
Nibaddho
Yanmastake
Udanah Swalaghutve
Bibhartyakashayanakam.
Yanmastake
Udanah Swalaghutve
Bibhartyakashayanakam.
Translation:
If hydrogen is contained in an air tight cloth, it can be used in aerodynamics, i.e. it will fly in air.
If hydrogen is contained in an air tight cloth, it can be used in aerodynamics, i.e. it will fly in air.
Kritrimswarnarajatalepah
Satkritiruchyate
Satkritiruchyate
Translation:
A layer of polish of artificial gold or silver is called satkriti (good deed.)
A layer of polish of artificial gold or silver is called satkriti (good deed.)
Yavksharamyodhanau
Sushaktjalsannidhau.
Aachhadyati Tattamram Swarnen
Rajten Va
Suvarnliptam Tattamram
Shatkumbhmiti Smritam.
Sushaktjalsannidhau.
Aachhadyati Tattamram Swarnen
Rajten Va
Suvarnliptam Tattamram
Shatkumbhmiti Smritam.
Translation:
In an iron vessel and in a strong acidic medium, gold or silver nitrate covers copper with a layer of gold or silver. The copper that is covered by gold is called shatakumbha or artificial gold.
In an iron vessel and in a strong acidic medium, gold or silver nitrate covers copper with a layer of gold or silver. The copper that is covered by gold is called shatakumbha or artificial gold.
These things came to light
when Rao Saheb Krishnaji Vajhe had passed the engineering exam in 1891 from Pune. While looking
for scriptures related to science, he found a few pages of the Agastya
Samhita with Damodar Tryambak Joshi of Ujjain. These belonged to around Shaka Samvat 1550. Later on, after reading
the said description in the pages of the Samhita, Dr.M.C.Sahastrabuddhe, the Head of the Sanskrit Department in Nagpur felt that the description was
very similar to that of Daniel Cell. So he gave it to P.P. Hole, the Professor of Engineering at Nagpur, with a request to
investigate.
When Mr. Hole and his friend
started preparing the apparatus on the basis of the above description, they
could understand all the things except shikhigreeva. On checking the Sanskrit dictionary, they understood that it
meant the neck of a peacock. So, he and his friend went to Maharaj Bagh and asked the chief when a
peacock would die in his zoo. This angered the gentleman. Then they told him
that they needed its neck for an experiment. The gentleman asked them to give
in an application. Later, when during a conversation, they narrated this to an
Ayurveda expert, he burst out laughing and said that here it did not mean the
neck of a peacock, but a substance of that colour, that is copper sulphate.
This solved the problem. Thus, a cell was formed and measured with a digital
multimeter. It had an open circuit voltage of 1.38 volts and short circuit
current of 23 milli amperes.
The information that the
experiment was successful was conveyed to Dr.M.C. Sahastryabuddhe. This cell
was exhibited on August 7, 1990 before the scholars of the fourth general
meeting at the Swadeshi Vigyan Sanshodhan
Sanstha, Nagpur. It was then realised that the
description was of the electric cell. They investigated as to what the context
was and it was realised that Sage Agastya had said many things before this.
Rao Saheb Vajhe, who spent his
life in rummaging the Indian scientific scriptures, and discovering various
experiments, gave different names to electricity on the basis of the Agastya
Samhita and other scriptures and that electricity is created in different ways.
Ancient Vedic technologists produced six kinds of electricity:
·
Tadit—the one produced by friction from
leather or silk,
·
Saudamini—that produced by friction from gems
or glass,
·
Vidyut—produced from clouds or steam,
·
Shatakoti alias Shatakumbhi—that produced from
a battery of hundreds of cells,
·
Hradini—that obtained from storage cells,
·
Ashani—the one emanating from a magnetic rod.
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